Roller bearing



`Mar.6, 1923. v 1,447,704

o. `R. WIKANDER RRRRRR BEARING ATTORN Y PatentedA Wlan', 6, i923,

Lamai.

.maaar France.

OSCAR n. WIKANDER, or GLEN Minen, nnw JERSEY; assrGNOR-fro THE SK'AYEFBALL BEARING Nric'rroufr.

COMPANY', or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION" or CON- fnoLLERmanine'.

applicativa mea Jamal-i12, 1922. serial No. 528,807.

T 0 all whom mnyhoncern ABe it known that I, OsCn R. WIKANDER,

'citizen of the .United States,A and resident 'of Glen Ridge, in thecounty of Essex and State of New Jersey, 'have invented certain newandusefulImprovements in Roller Bearings", of ,which 'the following isla specifica# tion.-

This in'vention relates to anti-friction roller bearings andi has for anobject to provide Va bearing to carry heavy. radial load and, inaddition, thrust load, in either .direction. These bearingsl haverollers, the axes of which are inclined in relation to the` axis of thebearing, such rollers having point con- I tact with one ofthe raceways,and line contact with the other, the ends of the rollers being guidedbyflanges4 on the latter raceway, such flanges fitting closely againstthe end ofthe rollers.

Roller bearings of this .type have in the past onlybeen used Whereguiding flanges Were necessary, in order to carry thrust forces actingnthe rollers or to retain the rollers in the bearing, or'where linecontact was required in ordervto prevent the rocking' of the rolleronth'e raceway.

The present invention discloses the useof such guiding anges, and linecontact of the roller against the racewav between suchy flanges, inbearings, where apparently neither radial nor thrust loads acting on thebearing-Would tend lto displace the rollers in the direction of theiraxes or to produce any rocking of the rollers, and where apparently noguideflanges would be necesi sary in order to retain the rollers inYtheir lto relative position to the race;Vv because the shape ofthe'raceway would apparently prevent said rollers fromskeyving or movingin axial direction.A i

. Experience has, however, shown, that the apparently. uselesscomplication vof the bearing, which the guide flanges constitute'finsuch cases', improves thevoperation'of the hearing to a' considerabledegree, and thusv marks an improvement upon such bearings. A Theaccompanying drawing illustrates an embodiment of this invention.

Figure -1 is a longitudinalsection-through the axis of the bearing.

'groove in the `inner race.

tacts with the outerv race in the transversal `central plane of the'former at the point 9.

The bearing consists of an outer ring V1,

and inner ring, and rows of rollers B.

yThe axes 4 of each row of'rollers are all located -on a cone, the ape-Xof which is situated 60 The rollers are on the axis ofthe bearing,symmetrical around theirtiansrersal central planes, and each such planepasses'through the center point of the bearing.I The position of thisplane in relation to the axis of 6'5 the bearing is shown by its'line ofintersec-` tion 11 With the plane of Figure l. Inone of the races,preferably the "inner one, the

roller\i's guided by ,langes`5 and, and the ends of the roller cooperatewith said flanges w in four points of contact 7, see Figure 2.

The generatrix 8 of the roller itsa with lined contact, the bottom ofthe, corresponding The raceway 1 0 of the outer race is a sur` face ofrevolution, preferably a sphere, and the rollers are shaped so as toproduce a cl'ose osculation between rollery and race at the point ofcontact 9.

On account of the symmetrical shape of the` roller around itstransversalV central plane and due to the' fact that the force ofreaction from the outer, race acts in radial direction along said planeit follows-that 'theroller is not usubject to any thrust pressure,

as is the case in known designs of similar v bearings in which therollers areconical in shape. rolling, it would be necessary that therollers be cones, the'- apices of which being located at. the pointwhere the axes of the rollers intersect with the axis of the bearing. iOnl account of `the? `symmetrical, shape and the curvedrolling surfaceof the rollers 3,

thus there is not true rolling but a cert-ain amount of sliding frictionbetween-roller and race. AThere is also a certain tendency of skewing,which tendency, however, is

counteracted by the fact that the rollers are guided at four points 7 asshown in'Figure 2. I y v 'In case of purely radial load,'\the lattermodification of Figurel, where- 55 The roller conlin order to obtainperfectly true 90 ,di'stributes'itself evenly on the two 4rows ofrollers. 'Incase of' pure thrust load or combined radial and thrustload,` one ofthe rows of rollers, carries heavier loadthan the other. 1

If the race-Way ofthe outer race is spherical'around the center of thebearing,

they latter will be self-aligning. It willalso be self-alivning," though*operation under great misahgnment will beless satisfactory,

'if the ygenerat-rixes of all the rollers at the points of Contact 9 arelocated on a sphere. Due lto the feature that the central transversalyplane through ,every roller passes through the centerof the bearing,thelatter will, however, always be ,self-aligning to a moderate extent.v

Either'vof the above self-aligning construcvtions greatly facilitatesthe introduction of the rollers in the bearing, becauseit is possible.to turn the inner rin p around the center of the arings in yordertoexposefinsert or remove? the rollers. In

cases where the roller is comparatively short 'and the curvature. ofitsgeneratrix at the point 9 or the curvature of the generatrix of theouter race at sai-d point, does not` materially differ from'a spherearound the center of thebearing, it is possible, on account of thelloosenessf--between rollers and races, to' use the lsame method ofinsertion of the roller, that is, by swinging thefinner race 'of theroller aroundl the ,centerof'the bearing. If the curvature fthe rollersdoes not permit the use Aof this method it maybe found advisable tosplit 4one of' the races along a transversal plane for example asindicated `by the line 12 in Figure 1.j

-Figure 3 shows the longitudinal section with the rollers of bearingwhich carries only thrust loadk or combined load with a large thrustcomy ponent, thevdesign of which is substantially identical to onehalfroi" theibearing shown in Figure l, exceptthat the outer raceway 13is a. cone.

It is obvious'that many 'changes maybe- `made in the design of thisbearing Without departing from the spiritof .the invention. It ispossible to make the generatrixfof the roller a. straight or a concaveline, always providing that one of the rings', preferably fthe inner, issoshaped as-to'provide for line contact, and that the other ring isso.shaped as to obtain point contactand close osculaouter ring, setsofrolles, the axes of said of the bearing, each roller beingsymmetricalaround its transversal cent-ral plane,

` said'4 rollers contacting withtlie outer race lwith point contact in`said plane, aninner- 'ring with grooves, in which the rollers lit withline contact, and 'guiding 'flanges which bear againstboth ends-of t-herolle-rs, there being at least two points of Contact between roller andflange 'at each end of the roller,

said points of Contact being disposed in the direction of rolling.

Signed at city of New York in the county of New York and State of NewYork this el) Y rollersbeing inclined in relation to the axis 'ytwenty-seventh day of December@ D. 1921.

osoAR Rfu'fiKANDER.

